Jankuj V., Lepik P., Mynarz M., Spitzer S., Bernatik A., 2025, High-Pressure Cylinder Failure under Fire Conditions – Investigation of the Consequences, Chemical Engineering Transactions, 116, 691-696.
This study investigates the behavior of high-pressure hydrogen and nitrogen cylinders under fire conditions to assess the risks associated with their storage and use in industrial and domestic applications. Cylinders pressurized to 300 bar were exposed to flames generated by diesel fuel, with critical parameters such as destruction pressure, temperature distribution, and fragmentation patterns recorded. The experiments revealed distinct differences in the destruction mechanisms of flammable and non-flammable gases. Hydrogen cylinders failed at pressures significantly lower than their rated destruction pressure due to thermal stress, generating fewer but substantial fragments and a fireball. In contrast, nitrogen cylinders exhibited extensive fragmentation and dispersion with following ignition of diesel vapors, forming a large fireball despite being non-flammable. These findings provide valuable insights into the risks posed by high-pressure gas cylinders under fire exposure and highlight the need for enhanced safety protocols and emergency response measures to mitigate potential hazards.
