Abstract
The Seveso III Directive has been implemented in each of the EU Member States. This means that the safety management systems (SMS) implementing the Major-Accident Prevention policy (MAPP) function in every establishment with upper and lower tier in the EU. Unlike Notification, MAPP, Safety Reports or Emergency plans, a SMS does not need to be a separate written document. The only guideline is Annex III of the Seveso III Directive. The SMS may be the part of the general management system which includes the organizational structure, responsibilities, practices, procedures, process and resources for determining and implementing the major-accident prevention policy.
In upper tier SMS often is a part of standardized, normalized systems, but in lower tier not necessary. For this reason, guidelines for Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) have been developed to allow fulfil the law requirements and to check - audit whether these requirements are met. For prevention of the major industrial accidents, it is extremely important to analyse the training demand, including assigning the training level to the hierarchy of employees. From the other hand the analysing the available training in terms of its content and methods of conducting is also very important. The analysis of the available training should take into account the way of conducting classes - in the sequential mode for beginners, and in the simulation mode for the advanced, because each style is aimed at teaching and developing different attitudes. Presentation-only training is very common and the cheapest, but it is also the least effective. Missing and ineffective training frustrates both the employee and the employer. The more so because employee training is a serious burden for the employer, especially the SME one, because it is associated with considerable costs of the training itself, as well as with the absence of employee at the workplace. The level of training of employees translates directly into the level of safety in the establishment.
