Abstract
The removal of copper (II) from contaminated soil is crucial for environmental remediation. The Response Surface Method (RSM) was used in this work to maximise copper (II) leaching from polluted soil. Copper (II) recovery from contaminated soil was examined in terms of pH, the ratio of solid to liquid, the stirring rate, and the concentration of sulfuric acid. To predict recovery efficiency, a quadratic model was created, and the optimal conditions were identified. The best values for the solid-to-liquid ratio, pH, sulphuric acid concentration, and stirring speed were determined to be 6.00, 6.5 g/100 mL, 300 rpm, and 0.25 mol/L, respectively. The results demonstrated that the maximum Copper (II) recovery of 78% was reached. The contaminated soil is primarily composed of 3.10% CuO, 0.26% ZrO2, 23.5% Fe2O3, 2.14% TiO2, 2.90% CaO, 1.93% P2O5, 54.2% SiO2, and 10.5% Al2O3, as determined by XRF elemental analysis. With an R2 value of 0.98, the recovery efficiency was correctly predicted by the central composite design model.
