Abstract
This paper examines the optimization of pressure relief and retainment systems using the ISO 4126-10:2024 standard, which provides a robust methodology for sizing safety valves and bursting discs in two-phase vapor-liquid flow scenarios. Rather than avoiding two-phase flow entirely, we demonstrate that properly accounting for it enables optimization of filling levels and operating points while maintaining safety. The study reveals that common practices of oversizing pressure relief devices can result in relief loads more than double what's necessary, potentially compromising retainment systems and creating additional safety risks through increased emissions and reaction forces. Using a case study involving solvent substitution and system redesign, we illustrate how ISO 4126-10:2024 facilitates right-sizing of pressure relief and retainment components for multi-purpose plants. The methodology allows for precise determination of critical parameters including sizing pressure, necessary relief capacity, and equipment dimensions across various operating conditions. This approach achieves an optimal balance between production efficiency, safety requirements, and sustainability goals through quantitative analysis of system behaviour. The results demonstrate how proper application of engineering principles can simultaneously improve safety margins and reduce environmental impact in chemical processing facilities.
